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1 Rural Electrification Administration
Abbreviation: REAУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Rural Electrification Administration
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2 Rural Electrification Board
American: REBУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Rural Electrification Board
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3 сельская электрификация
Русско-английский сельскохозяйственный словарь > сельская электрификация
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4 сельская электрификация
Русско-английский политехнический словарь > сельская электрификация
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5 REA
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6 Администрация сельской электрификации
1) General subject: Rural Electrification Administration, Rural Electrification Administration (США)2) Chemical weapons: Rural Electrification Administration (REA)Универсальный русско-английский словарь > Администрация сельской электрификации
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7 elektryfikacj|a
f sgt electrification- elektryfikacja kolei railway electrification- elektryfikacja rolnictwa the electrification of agriculture- elektryfikacja wsi rural electrificationThe New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > elektryfikacj|a
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8 электрификация сельского хозяйства
1) Engineering: adaptation of farming to the use of electric power, use of electric power in farming2) Makarov: farm electrification, rural electrificationУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > электрификация сельского хозяйства
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9 АСЭ
1) General subject: Rural Electrification Administration (США)2) Astronautics: Арабский союз электросвязи -
10 Ведомство электрификации сельского хозяйства
Cables: Rural Electrification Administration (США)Универсальный русско-английский словарь > Ведомство электрификации сельского хозяйства
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11 Управление электрификации сельских районов
Economy: Rural Electrification AdministrationУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Управление электрификации сельских районов
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12 Управление электрификации сельской местности
Engineering: Rural Electrification AdministrationУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Управление электрификации сельской местности
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13 закон об электрификации сельской местности
Makarov: Rural Electrification Act (США)Универсальный русско-английский словарь > закон об электрификации сельской местности
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14 сельская электрификация
Engineering: rural electrificationУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > сельская электрификация
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15 управление по электрификации сельской местности
Chemical weapons: rural electrification administrationУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > управление по электрификации сельской местности
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16 Housing
In a country with a chronic housing shortage, it is ironic that Portugal has preserved and restored one of Europe's finest collections of historic castles and palaces. For decades, well before the Revolution of 25 April 1974, Portugal has endured a shortage of decent, affordable housing, whether rented or purchased, as well as the growth of sprawling urban shantytowns outside Lisbon, Oporto, and smaller towns such as Estoril. Known as bairros da lata, literally, "neighborhoods or boroughs of tin," these poorly constructed dwellings lack electricity, water, or sewage systems. The flimsy buildings are made of any kind of building materials, including sheets of galvanized tin that serve as roofs, walls, and doors. As of the early 1980s, it was estimated that there were at least 700,000 illegally constructed buildings in Portugal, some 200,000 of which were in the greater Lisbon area, an example of the worst kind of urban sprawl. Many of these structures were built on unused private lands or on public lands.Even after Portugal's economy began to benefit from membership in the European Economic Community (EEC; later the European Union), a significant portion of housing remained substandard, whether in rural or urban areas. By the early 1990s, electrification in rural areas was still not complete, and running water and sewage systems were lacking. As of the early 21st century, improvement in housing has occurred, but with population growth and the arrival of migrants from Europe, Brazil, and former colonies in Africa, the basic components of a housing crisis persist: shortage of decent rental or purchased housings; persistent urban shantytowns, which in some areas have expanded; and substandard living conditions.A majority of the Portuguese people (60 percent; and in Lisbon and Oporto, 80 percent) rent their housing. Improving or expanding such rental housing has been challenging in part because of rigid recent control laws that, between 1948 and 1985, tended to discourage either the maintenance and improvement or the construction of apartments. In suburbs outside Lisbon, large apartment houses were built after 1980 for the more prosperous new urbanites, but, as in the past, the supply of good, affordable housing lagged behind demand. Many Portuguese governments confronted and engaged the housing problem, and some excellent reforms were instituted. The contemporary housing crisis nevertheless persists and, after 2007, was complicated by the worldwide economic crisis.
См. также в других словарях:
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Rural Electrification Act — The Rural Electrification Act of 1936 provided federal funding for installation of electrical distribution systems to serve rural areas of the United States.It was proposed by Representative John E. Rankin and Senator George William Norris. The… … Wikipedia
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Rural Electrification Administration — An agency of the United States Department of Agriculture, performing duties respecting the extension of electrical service to farms and farmers, particularly by the organization of co operative associations. Anno: 56 ALR2d 413 … Ballentine's law dictionary
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Rural Utilities Service — The Rural Electrification Administration (REA) was an agency of the United States federal government created on May 11, 1935 through efforts of the administration of President Franklin D. Roosevelt. The REA s task was to promote electrification… … Wikipedia
Électrification rurale — L électrification rurale désigne le processus de mise à disposition de l énergie électrique aux populations de régions rurales et/ou éloignées. Sommaire 1 Les technologies 1.1 Le réseau électrique 1.2 Les générateurs diesel … Wikipédia en Français